XLPE insulated cables and PVC insulated cables are basically the same in function, but there are obvious differences in performance, applicable environment and so on.
The insulation performance of XLPE insulated cables is better than that of PVC insulated cables.

XLPE insulated cables have been cross-linked on the insulation material to improve their heat resistance temperature, PVC insulated cables have not.
The maximum rated operating temperature of the PVC insulated conductor is 70°C, and the maximum short-circuit temperature (duration less than 5 seconds) shall not exceed 160°C.
The maximum rated operating temperature of the PVC insulated conductor is 90°C, and the maximum short-circuit temperature (duration less than 5 seconds) does not exceed 250°C.

XLPE insulated cables with the same cross-section area have a large carrying capacity than PVC insulated cables.
The service life of XLPE insulated cables is longer than that of PVC insulated cables.
The waterproof performance of XLPE insulated cables is worse than that of PVC insulated cables. If it is buried laying, PVC insulated cables should be used. When choosing XLPE insulated cables, it is necessary to ensure that the cable trench is well drained. If the cable tray is laid, use XLPE insulated cables.

In the event of a fire, XLPE insulated cables do not produce toxic gases when burned because their insulation materials do not contain chlorine. In view of this, in civil and nuclear power fields, XLPE insulated cables have basically replaced PVC insulated cables.